INFO PENDIDIKAN DI RUSIA

THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN RUSSIA FEDERATION

Information was taken from the Department of Education and Sciences of Russia Federation.

The main educational programs of higher education in Russia are steadily realized in Higher Educational Institutions (University, Academy, Institute). Usually these programs are conducted in Russian.
Higher education in Russian Federation.
There are the following stages of higher education:
Higher education, graduates are awarded with the Specialist's degree
Higher education, graduates are awarded with the Bachelor's degree
Higher education, graduates are awarded with the Master's degree

Holders of the higher educational documents of a particular stage and standard pattern have an opportunity to continue their education, by taking the next stage program with the reference to the their specialty. Those who did not graduate receive an academic certificate of uncompleted higher education.
Training provided in accordance with the particular study curriculum (students can not choose the subjects to study), created by the Higher Educational Institution and stated by the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation is typical for Russian educational system.

Student's knowledge are estimated by the following system:
Excellent — "5"
Good — "4"
Satisfactorily — "3"
Unsatisfactorily — "2"
(The marks "5", "4", "3" are "passed" or positive.)
Credit/Non-credit

All the main study programs start from September the 1-st. The 1st of September is the beginning of the academic year. Academic year has two terms and lasts, as usual, 10 months.
First term begins on the 1st of September and finishes on the 31st of January.
Second term begins on the 1st of February and finishes on the 30th of June.
Usually, students have practical studies in July. August is a vacation time.

The system of postgraduate education.
There are the following stages of postgraduate education in Russia:
Ph.D. program and Senior Doctorate program

Ph.D. program
Ph.D. program is the main program of training the scientific-and-pedagogic and scientific staff allowing to improve one's educational, scientific and pedagogic qualification on the basis of higher education.
Postgraduate training is based on realization of special educational and research programs aiming to train the scientific-and-pedagogic staff of a higher qualification, by developing the postgraduates' psychological-and- pedagogic and professional skills up to the level allowing to accomplish the Ph.D. Thesis research successfully.
Postgraduate is the holder of higher education degree who is taking the postgraduate course.
Full-time and correspondence forms of education are possible.
Ph.D. examinations are held in philosophy, foreign language and the specialization with the reference to the subject of Ph.D. Dissertation.
Ph.D. examination is the part of postgraduate's qualification.
Ph.D. examination on the specialty is based on the program that consists of two parts — typical program — "minimum" and additional program — "maximum".
On passing the Ph.D. examination and successful defense of Ph.D. Thesis, postgraduates are awarded Ph.D. Diploma.

Senior Doctorate
It is the main program of training the scientific-and-pedagogic and scientific staff of a highest qualification. Candidates are supposed to be Ph.D. Diploma holders, have serious scientific achievements and be able to realize fundamental, applied scientific researches on a high level. Training is conducted in full-time form.
The duration of the program should not exceed 3 years.
On successful defense, the Senior Doctorate Thesis candidates are awarded with the Senior Doctorate Diploma.